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文章：

….A manufacturer’s fixed costs and “sunk costs” (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently, potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of the production facilities—that is, on tangible capital—but realized economies of scale are operational and organizational, and depend on knowledge, skills, experience, and teamwork—that is, on organized human capabilities, or intangible capital.

The importance of investing in intangible capital becomes obvious when one looks at what happens in new capital-intensive manufacturing industries. Such industries are quickly dominated, not by the first firms to acquire technologically sophisticated plants of theoretically optimal size, but rather by the first to exploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hard to enter. Challengers must construct comparable plants and do so after the first movers have already worked out problems with suppliers or with new production processes. Challengers must create distribution networks and marketing systems in markets where first movers have all the contacts and know-how. And challengers must recruit management teams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.

题目：

In the context of the passage as a whole, the second paragraph serves primarily to

A. provide an example to support the argument presented in the first paragraph

B. evaluate various strategies discussed in the first paragraph

C. introduce evidence that undermines the argument presented in the first paragraph

D. anticipate possible objections to the argument presented in the first paragraph

E. demonstrate the potential dangers of a commonly used strategy

首先通读全文。段落之间作用题：阅读定位段的首句 + 前一段的末句。然后判断是递进、转折、解释说明

文章：

….A manufacturer’s fixed costs and “sunk costs” (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently, potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of the production facilities—that is, on tangible capital—but realized economies of scale are operational and organizational, and depend on knowledge, skills, experience, and teamwork—that is, on organized human capabilities, or intangible capital. （核心意思：经济规模潜力是基于tangible capital, 但是要去实现经济规模的话靠的intangible capital。）

The importance of investing in intangible capital becomes obvious when one looks at what happens in new capital-intensive manufacturing industries. （投资intangible capital的重要性显而易见当…） Such industries are quickly dominated, not by the first firms to acquire technologically sophisticated plants of theoretically optimal size, but rather by the first to exploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hard to enter. Challengers must construct comparable plants and do so after the first movers have already worked out problems with suppliers or with new production processes. Challengers must create distribution networks and marketing systems in markets where first movers have all the contacts and know-how. And challengers must recruit management teams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.

分析：

通过分析首段末句和第二段首句，可以看出末句是最终在强调是intangible capital。第二段首句紧接着就在讲intangible capital的重要性，后面的内容就进行了详细介绍。因此从递进、转折、解释说明这三个角度来看，递进（进一步地阐述…）的作用就比较明显了。那么接下来看选项。

选项：动词可以辅助我们排除答案。再结合我们学习到过的细节部分内容的排除法。

题目：

In the context of the passage as a whole, the second paragraph serves primarily to

A. provide an example（举例） to support（支持；与递进的关系一致） the argument presented in the first paragraph

B. evaluate（评估：过于明确） various strategies（无中生有） discussed in the first paragraph（排除）

C. introduce（引入：没有问题）evidence that undermines（削弱与递进相反） the argument presented in the first paragraph

D. anticipate（预测：没有问题） possible objections（反对与递进相反） to the argument presented in the first paragraph

E. demonstrate（展示；没有问题） the potential dangers（无中生有） of a commonly used strategy

那么通过对上面文章和题干的分析。我们简单地总结一下这种功能题的做法：

段落之间的关系一定要在保证全文已经通读的情况，再详细阅读定位段落首句以及前一段的末句。并且在题干中运用动词（正负向关系）以及后面细节内容进行快速排除。

这种题型并不难，但是需要练习至熟练，并且做到能够快速解题才是目标。