GMAT申友阅读RC题库-The passage implies which of the following about the insects from which animals acquire carotenoids?-OG2022-真题答案解析

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Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important part of the colorful signals used by many animals. Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce

them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues. Studies of several animal

species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid-based coloration. Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration,

would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health. The conventional view is that carotenoids

are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than

can their inferior counterparts. Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health. It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females. Males that are more susceptible

to disease and parasites will have to use their

carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer

carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise

this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.

The passage implies which of the following about the insects from which animals acquire carotenoids?

A. They do not produce carotenoids themselves.

B. They use carotenoids primarily for coloration.

C. They maintain constant levels of carotenoids in their tissues.

D. They are unable to use carotenoids to boost their immune system.

E. They are available in greater abundance than are carotenoid-bearing plants.

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答案：

Inference T

he passage says that animals “acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects).”

A. Correct. The passage indicates that the phrase acquire directly signifies in this context acquisition from the ultimate source of carotenoids, so the phrase acquire . . . indirectly signifies an acquisition that is not from the ultimate source. This implies that insects do not produce their own carotenoids, but derive them by consuming plants, algae, or other insects.

B. This may well be true of some insects, but no information in the passage implies it.

C. No information in the passage implies that carotenoid levels in insect tissue remain constant over time.

D. The passage contains no information that relates to the immune system of any insect species. E. Even if this is true, the passage contains no information that implies it.